Frozen in Time Page 36
and Greenland Patrol, 16
landings and takeoffs on ice cap, 129, 136–40, 149, 208, 291
location of, 152, 153, 154, 159, 183, 191–95, 192, 193, 199, 249–51, 282–83
Lou’s quest to search for, 40, 43–44, 47
model J2F-4, serial V1640, 4, 43, 96
as overseas military gravesite, 97
and PN9E rescue missions, xi, 3–4, 6, 91, 129, 145–47, 149
possible movement of, 193, 194, 282
Pritchard as pilot of, 3, 7, 96, 133, 135, 140, 146, 149, 156, 249, 250, 316
production of, 97
search (1975) for, 97
search (2012) for, see Duck Hunt
on takeoff, 6–8
and wreck hunters, 97–98
Gulf of Mexico, search and rescue in, 201
Gustafsson, Jaana, 308, 311, 313, 335, 342
and BW-1 location, 278–82, 281, 301, 304, 311–12, 313, 334
and ground-penetrating radar, 222, 224, 244–45, 251–54, 253, 268–69, 271, 272–73, 278–82, 299
and JPAC location, 277
and nighttime glacier hike, 277
Harman, Kenneth “Doc,” 335, 342
on Duck Hunt mission, 227–28, 247, 269, 307, 311
and Hotsy move, 307, 308, 310
and melting at BW-1, 312, 313
Healey, Joseph, 215, 263, 288, 338
background of, 262
and rescue mission, 261, 265, 285–87, 289, 291
and sled dogs, 284, 286, 291, 293
Hearn, Gerard, 182
Henderson, Frank, 338
Hitler, Adolf, 16
Howarth, Irene, 109, 166–67
Howarth, Jerry, 166–67, 342
Howarth, Loren “Lolly,” 62, 338
death officially declared, 155
and Demorest’s fall in crevasse, 148–49, 315
and Duck crash, 150, 152, 166, 316
early years of, 109
Legion of Merit awarded to, 156, 166
missing in action, 151, 153, 175, 178, 182, 198, 220, 283, 297, 322
next of kin, 166–67
obituary of, 332
and PN9E, 33, 34, 37
and PN9E crash, 54, 57
and radio transmissions, 57, 61–62, 65, 66, 109–13, 120, 121, 122, 127, 135, 146
and recovery, 317, 334
and search for C-53, 37
hypothermia, 28, 88–89, 101, 139, 185
icebergs:
in shipping lanes, 16
and Titanic, 16
Ice Cap Station:
crew moved to Beach Head, 182–83
and McDowell’s C-53, 23
and motorsled trek, 144
rescue missions from, 187
and self-rescue attempt, 175–76, 179
supply drops to, 211–12
Iditarod dogsled race, 101
Imperial Hotel (Motorsled Camp), 286–87, 288, 290
International Ice Patrol, 16
Inuit people:
at Kulusuk, 245
settlers on Greenland, 10, 13
Wade and Moe rescued by, 205
Ivigtut mine, 14–16, 15
Johannessen, Thurman, 21, 28, 29, 155, 178, 339
Johansen, Johan, 123, 127, 182
Jolly Green Giant (helicopter), 96
JPAC (Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command), 102, 277, 278, 282, 334
Katz, Steve, 218–19, 335, 343
and demobilization order, 299–301
and Duck Hunt, 223–24, 246, 255, 269, 273
and team effort, 310
Keflavík, Iceland, 244
King, Ernest J., 187
King, Thomas C. Jr., 95–98, 160, 343
Koge Bay:
and base camp, 246–48
at December solstice, 105
and Duck crash, 154, 191, 228, 249
and Duck Hunt, 249, 251, 299
future plans for, 316
ice cap in, 50, 123, 127
and PN9E crash site, 57, 64, 66, 119, 120
PN9E search area (for C-53) in, 35, 36–37, 64
Krakauer, Jon, 41
Krause, Bill, 163, 226–27, 227
Krause, Nancy Pritchard Morgan, 130, 133, 163–64, 201, 226–27, 227, 317, 335, 343
Kulusuk Airport, 245–46, 277, 302
Kurz, Herbert, 339
and Duck location (map), 152, 191–92, 193
and supply drops, 211
La Farge, Oliver, 319
Larsen, Harold, 215, 235, 294, 295, 338
Lindbergh, Charles and Anne, 14
Lisman, Terri, 335, 343
on Duck Hunt mission, 228, 300, 308
and magnetometer, 254, 268, 272, 273, 276, 280–82
Long, John, 98, 158, 166, 194, 343
Lost in the Arctic, 89
Lost Squadron, 18, 18, 21, 100–101, 197, 221
and Glacier Girl, 18, 101, 102, 160, 221, 274
MALÅ Geoscience, 222
Manahan, Eugene, 21, 28, 29, 155, 178, 339
Maritime Central Airways, 204
Marley, Frank, 252, 335, 343
and Duck Hunt, 198, 223, 244, 249, 268, 278–80, 300
and Hotsy move, 307, 308
and nighttime glacier hike, 277–78
and points of interest, 301, 311, 313
and safety team, 223, 224, 251
McDonough, James, 343
and Duck Hunt meeting, 158, 159–62, 189–90
at initial DPMO meeting, 44–46
McDowell, Eugenia, 29
McDowell, Homer Jr., 339
and C-53 Skytrooper, 19–29, 35, 153, 197; see also C-53 Skytrooper
death officially declared, 155
missing in action, 29, 178
MIA/POWs, see DPMO
Missing Persons Act (Title 10), 162
Moe, J. G., 204–6, 339
Monteverde, Armand, 48–49, 49, 288, 339, 340
and Best’s condition, 240–41, 257–60
and cargo drops, 120
and crash, 53–57, 248
and Demorest’s fall in crevasse, 148, 149
flying in milk, 37–39, 48, 50–51, 56
and leadership, 60, 62, 105, 109, 168
Legion of Merit awarded to, 320
media stories about, 317–21, 320
at Motorsled Camp, 285, 287
and O’Hara’s condition, 122
options of, 50–51, 53, 55–56
and pilot’s responsibilities, 56, 60, 138
and PN9E, 33, 34, 36, 153
and prayer, 65, 106
promotion of, 288
and rescue missions, 136–39, 144–45, 146, 239, 264–66, 284–85, 289–90, 295
safe arrival of, 297
and search for C-53, 33–37, 48, 56
and Short Snorters, 107, 108
and Spencer’s fall in crevasse, 71, 72
and survival, 56–60, 62–63, 74–76, 90, 105–7, 113, 115, 123, 144–45, 155, 168, 175, 176, 180, 182, 186, 211, 229–31, 235–40, 257–61
Mopey (sled dog), 284
Morgan, Harry “Tick,” 133, 163
Motorsled Camp:
and communication systems, 216–17
digging in, 180, 212
and PBY rescue mission, 263–66, 284–87
renamed Imperial Hotel, 286–87, 288, 290
rescue missions planned for, 204–6, 261, 287
and self-rescue attempt, 175–80
supply drops to, 184–85, 208, 211–12, 213–14
and survival, 231
mummification, 76
My Gal Sal, 118, 207, 215
Nansen, Fridtjof, 13
NASA survey flights, 94, 194
Nash, Al, 339
and crash landing, 80
and ferrying mission, 79
on Northland, 124
rescue of, 83–90, 89, 114, 127
and survival, 80–84, 89–90
traveling with dinghy, 82–86
National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, 228
Navy, U.S.:
and Coast Guard, 93
and lost George I plane, 94, 101–2
Navy and Marine Corps Medal, 90
radar data of, 194
and rescue missions, 187, 209
Norden Bombsight, 32, 82, 142, 172, 188, 266
Nordic Postal Union, 117
Northland, 2, 86
at Anoretok Fjord, 84
in Comanche Bay, 2, 123–24, 125–30, 135, 140, 150, 151, 181, 188
and Demorest’s fall in crevasse, 148, 149, 151
and Greenland Patrol, 2, 16, 123
Grumman Duck of, 2, 3, 16, 84, 86, 128, 141, 150–53; see also Grumman Duck
in later years, 332–33
leaving the area, 181–82
and Lost Squadron rescue, 18
and PN9E support, 123–24, 125–30, 173, 174, 175
Pollard as captain of, 126–27, 129–30, 181
and rescue of Canadian airmen, 84–90, 142
and rescue of PN9E airmen, 6, 90–91, 128–30, 140–42, 151–52, 181
rescue work of, 2–4, 182
North Pole, seaplanes in, 207
North South Polar Inc., 43, 94, 190, 221, 228
Coast Guard contract of, 199, 202, 277
demobilization order from, 299
and Lou, see Sapienza, Lou
search permit issued to, 197
team members, 223–24
travel to base camp, 246–49
North Star, 208
Norwegian Air Service, 207
O’Hara, William “Bill,” 66, 339
and crash, 54, 55
death of, 325
food and supplies, 62
and frozen feet, 63, 65, 74–76, 127, 138, 144, 174, 175, 185, 217
and gangrene, 76, 122, 127, 135, 144, 169
in later years, 323–25
legs amputated, 235
at Motorsled Camp, 180, 184, 185, 285
and motorsled self-rescue attempt, 175–80
and PN9E, 33, 34, 37
and rescue, 147, 148, 151, 233, 235, 297, 315
and Spencer’s fall in crevasse, 71–73
and survival, 65–67, 74, 90, 121, 122, 145, 155, 168, 180, 184–85, 214, 217, 278
Operation Bolero, 17, 22, 118
Operation Duck Hunt, see Duck Hunt
Operation IceBridge, 194
Operation Torch, 144
P-38, crash of, see Lost Squadron
Pan American Airlines, 14
Parunak, Dick, 118, 207
Pat (sled dog), 284
Patton, George S. Jr., 108
PBY Catalina flying boat (Dumbo), 234
Balchen’s rescue plan using, 207–10, 214–17, 231–35
as naval workhorse, 207
rescue missions of, 22, 261, 263–66, 284, 287–96, 292
volunteer crews for, 210
weak forward bulkhead of, 231, 233, 296
Pearl Harbor, 17
Peter, king of Yugoslavia, 108
Pikiutdlek (Koge Bay), 35
PN9E, see B-17 PN9E bomber crew
Podraza, Carol Sue Spencer, 322
polar bears, 198
Pollard, Francis “Frank,” 339
and Canadian airmen rescue, 87–88, 142
Navy and Marine Corps Medal to, 90, 125
as Northland captain, 126–27, 129–30, 181
and PN9E, 123, 126–30, 141, 146
POW/MIAs, see DPMO
“Praise the Lord and Pass the Ammunition,” 85
Preble, Stanley, 182
Pritchard, Gil, 129
Pritchard, John Jr., 8, 128, 132, 307, 339–40
and Canadian airmen, 84, 88, 89, 90, 129
and Coast Guard oath, 129
death officially declared, 155
and Demorest’s fall in crevasse, 148, 149
Distinguished Flying Cross awarded to, 155
and Duck crash, 150–53, 156, 316
as Duck pilot, 3, 7, 96, 133, 135, 140, 146, 149, 156, 192, 249, 250, 316
early years of, 130–33, 164
landings and takeoffs on ice cap, 129, 136–40, 149, 206, 207, 208, 291
memorials to, 327, 333
missing in action, 46, 96, 151, 153, 175, 178, 182, 198, 220, 283, 297, 322
Navy and Marine Corps Medal to, 90
next of kin, 156–57, 163–64
and PN9E rescue mission, 3–4, 6–8, 91, 128–30, 135–41, 142, 145–46, 156, 315
and recovery, 317, 334
Pritchard, John Sr., 130, 131
Pritchard, Nancy (Krause), 130, 133, 163–64, 201
Pritchard, Virginia, 131, 155, 156–57
Puryear, Lloyd “Woody,” 59, 340
and crash, 54, 58
death of, 328
in later years, 327–28
and rescue, 139–42, 156, 235, 297
and search for C-53, 35–36, 58
and Short Snorters, 108
and survival, 58–59, 74, 105–7, 111
Richardson, Edward “Bud,” 164–66, 343
Rinsky (lead dog), 284
Rittichier, Jack, 95–96
Rommel, Erwin, 145
Roosevelt, Eleanor, 108
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 15, 108, 318, 324
Royal Canadian Air Force, plane crash, see Canadian bomber
Sabo, Alex, 215, 289, 338
Sapienza, Lou (Luciano), 42, 98–103, 100, 335, 343–44
background of, 98–100
and demobilization, 299, 300–301, 313–14
and discovery, 316, 317
and Duck Hunt, see Duck Hunt
and equipment, 220–24, 220, 269, 310
and funding, 45–46, 95, 160–63, 190–91, 196, 197, 199, 201–2, 221
future plans of, 334–35
and George I, 101–2
and Glacier Girl, 101, 102, 160
and Hotsy move, 305, 308, 310
and Lost Squadron, 100–101, 197
meetings with military brass, 41–47, 92–95, 158–63
and mission operations plan, 244–45
patches and logos of, 94
plans moving forward, 196–98, 224–28
and points of interest, 276–77, 280, 282, 301, 313
quest of, 40, 43–44, 47, 94, 190, 196, 200, 283, 334–35
and radar, 242–44
and Short Snorters, 334
Sapienza, Ryan, 219, 300, 335, 344
and Hotsy move, 307, 308
roles of, 223, 224
travel to base camp, 246
Sargent, Thomas, 131
Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS), 330
Shackleton, Ernest, 202–3, 218, 283
Shangri-La, rescue mission to, 187
Short Snorters, 107–8, 115, 142, 333–34
Smith, Edward “Iceberg,” 340
and Balchen’s rescue plan, 206, 208–10
and Canadian airmen rescue, 91
and Greenland Patrol, 16, 123, 130, 151
and Northland, 91, 123, 125–27, 129–30, 151–52, 181
and PN9E, 123, 125–27, 141–42, 149, 151–52
Smith, Mont, 96, 98
Smith, Robert “WeeGee,” 335, 344
and base camp, 247
and demobilization, 313, 314
and discovery, 315–17
and Glacier Girl, 221, 274
and Hotsy, 221–22, 224, 255, 273–75, 280, 304–10, 312, 314
and magnetometer, 275–76
melting at BW-1, 311–14, 334
Snublebluss, 197
South Pole, first flight over, 117
Spencer, Harry, 49–51, 50, 237, 340
and crash, 54
death of, 322–23
and Demorest’s fall in crevasse, 148, 149, 331
fall in crevasse, 67, 68–73, 70, 90, 104, 127
flying in milk, 37–39, 50–51
injuries to, 53, 238
in later years, 321–23
leadership of, 105
at Motorsled Camp, 180, 184, 285, 322
/> and PN9E, 33, 34
and radio repairs, 109–10, 111
and rescue, 139–40, 146–47, 214–17, 232–33, 235, 236, 297
return to Greenland, 322, 323
and search for C-53, 35, 36–37
and self-rescue motorsled attempt, 175–80
and survival, 58, 62, 63, 65–67, 74, 76, 90, 105, 122, 145, 155, 168–69, 172, 179–80, 184–85, 213, 214–17, 231
at White House, 318
Spencer, Patsy, 68, 216, 321
Spina, Paul, 64, 288, 340
and Best’s condition, 240–41, 257–59
and crash, 53, 55, 58, 74
death of, 325
and frostbite, 76, 169
injuries to, 55, 58, 59, 130, 138, 144, 180, 259
in later years, 325
“missing in action” telegram, 106
at Motorsled Camp, 285, 286–87
and PN9E, 33, 34
and prayers, 65
and rescue, 147, 148, 151, 239, 264–66, 284–85, 287–90, 294, 315
safe arrival of, 297
and search for C-53, 34, 37
and Spencer’s fall in crevasse, 71, 72
and survival, 58, 59, 60, 63, 74, 90, 110, 112, 121, 145, 155, 168, 176, 186, 211, 229–31, 235–40, 257–61
Springer, William, 21, 28, 29, 155, 178, 340
Storch, Marc, 166–67, 344
Strong, Harold, 215, 263, 340
background of, 262–63
and rescue mission, 261, 265, 266, 285–87, 291
and trek to the coast, 291, 293
Sweetzer, P. W., 215, 233, 235, 338
Taub, Donald, 194, 344
Tetley, Donald, 171, 171, 237, 340
death of, 329
and Demorest, 25, 26
and Demorest’s fall in crevasse, 147–49, 151, 152
and hypothermia, 185
in later years, 329
Legion of Merit awarded to, 320
at Motorsled Camp, 180, 184, 285, 287
and motorsled rescue mission, 123–24, 136, 138, 141, 143–45, 146–47
and radio transmitter, 173, 174, 236
and rescue missions, 204, 206, 234, 235, 236
and search for McDowell’s C-53, 26, 27, 123
and self-rescue motorsled attempt, 175–80
and survival, 155, 168, 172, 179–80, 184–85, 187, 213, 214, 215–17
at White House, 318
Thuma, W. R. “Bil,” 222, 242, 300, 335, 344
and flag locations, 255–56
and Hotsy move, 305, 308
and points of interest, 224, 269, 272, 273, 282
Titanic, 16
Title 10 (Missing Persons Act), 162
Tucciarone, Alexander “Al,” 52, 52, 341
and cargo drops, 121
and crash, 54
death of, 327
injuries to, 54, 142
in later years, 326–27, 328
and PN9E, 33, 34, 37
and rescue, 139–42, 141, 145, 156, 235, 297
and Spencer’s fall in crevasse, 72
and survival, 113, 114
Tucciarone, Peter, 327
Tucker, Rob, 335, 344
and demobilization, 300, 301